Introduction
Chemical Industry and Engineering
ISSN 1004-9533
CN 12-1102/TQ
Supervised by: Tianjin Bohai Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd.
Sponsored by: Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of Tianjin; Tianjin University
Year of Establishment: 1984
Language: Chinese
Publication Frequency: Bimonthly
Place of Publication: Tianjin
Domestic Postal Distribution Code：18-156
Overseas Postal Distribution Code：BM3064
Hot Paper
Controlled synthesis of layered titanate H_2Ti_3O7 and its lithium-ion adsorption performance
XUE Chen;BAI Shengchi;LI Jianming;WANG Xiaoqi;XIAO Qi;As a core strategic resource for new energy applications, the development of efficient lithium extraction technologies is urgently needed. This study addresses the kinetic limitations of traditional salt lake lithium recovery by constructing an H_2Ti_3O7-type titanium-based lithium-ion sieve(LIS) through low-temperature hydrothermal synthesis(40—160 ℃). The HTO80 sample synthesized at 80 ℃ exhibits a specific surface area of 422.0 m2·g-1 and delivers a Li+ adsorption capacity of 14.1 mg·g-1 at pH 6.5, achieving 93.6% of its equilibrium capacity within 10 minutes while retaining 78% capacity after five adsorption-desorption cycles. The adsorption process aligns with pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir monolayer model, confirming selective H+/Li+ ion exchange as the dominant mechanism, with exceptional Li+ specificity. This work provides a novel strategy for high-efficiency salt lake lithium extraction, demonstrating the significant potential of H_2Ti_3O7-based materials in lithium recovery technologies.
Impact of the phase transformation of γ-Fe_2O3 nanoparticles on the performance of Y-type zeolite
QIN Pengjian;LIU Qianqian;REN Fei;Catalytic cracking is a key technology in modern petroleum refining, with Y-type zeolite serving as the core material of FCC catalysts due to its exceptional hydrothermal stability and catalytic activity. However, iron poisoning significantly impacts catalyst performance. This study investigates the interaction mechanisms between iron oxides(γ-Fe_2O3 and α-Fe_2O3) and zeolite under high-temperature conditions using magnetic susceptibility measurement, XRD, FTIR, NMR, and BET characterizations. The results indicate that zeolite interact with γ-Fe_2O3 through hydroxyl groups, effectively inhibiting its aggregation and increasing its complete phase transition temperature from approximately 600 ℃ to 700 ℃. However, this interaction also leads to a reduction in hydroxyl groups and a degradation of acidic functional sites in the zeolite. In contrast, α-Fe_2O3 significantly reduces the thermal stability of the zeolite, lowering its collapse temperature to 975 ℃, accelerating pore collapse and crystallinity loss, which results in a substantial decrease in surface area and pore volume, ultimately compromising the performance of zeolite.
High-entropy oxide supported Ni catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation to methane
XIAO Fei;JIANG Ya'nan;XING Rui;LIU Rong;LIU Yuan;BAI Yang;The oxygen vacancy and high dispersion of nickel metal are the key factors for the Ni-based catalyst for hydrogenation of methane from CO2. High entropy oxides(HEOs) composed of five or more metal cations are prone to the formation of surface oxygen vacancies and facilitate the high dispersion of the contained ions. In this paper,(CeZrYLaTi)O2 fluorite HEOs catalyst supported by nickel was prepared by citric acid complexation method. The catalyst was used for hydrogenation of CO2 to methane. The results show that nickel on HEOs and the mixed oxides composed of Ce, Zr, Y, La and Ti has high dispersion, good anti-sintering and anti-carbon properties, and easy to form oxygen vacancy on the surface, showing excellent hydrogenation performance of CO2 to methane. Compared with HEOs, the mixed oxide-supported nickel catalyst composed of five metal ions(Ce, Zr, Y, La and Ti) has higher activity and stability, because of its lower calcination temperature, higher specific surface area, and more conducive to CO2 activation.
Synthesis of iron-manganese sulfides for electrocatalytic H_2O2 activation to degrade atrazine
XU Yalong;LI Yang;FAN Xiaobin;XIA Qing;PENG Wenchao;In order to reduce the energy consumption and the leaching of iron ions in the electro-Fenton process, a high active cathode of Mn-FeS/GF in-situ loading in graphite felt(GF) was synthesized by in-situ reduction and sulphuration. Mn-FeS/GF has excellent activity and stability to activate H_2O2 for ATZ degradation, and the leaching of metal ions was small. In addition, the introduction of Mn element can result in a significant increase of the electro-Fenton activity at a low potential, which is important for the practical application of the electro-Fenton process.
Preparation of Diels-Alder type shape memory polyurethane
LI Pengxiang;NING Jiaoyi;HAN Xu;Self-healing polyurethanes can repair the microcracks or defects of materials, and the bismaleimide(BMI) is usually used as the cross-linking agents and Diels-Alder bond providers of self-healing polyurethanes. In order to further improve the self-healing and mechanical properties of materials, BMI was replaced and shape memory effect was introduced. The trimaleimide(TMI) was synthesized using N, N-bis(2-aminoethyl)ethylenediamine and introduced into polyurethanes as the cross-linking agent. Meanwhile, polycaprolactone diol(PCL) was used as the soft chain segment in polyurethanes. The shape-memory polyurethanes(DA-SM-PU-x, x=0, 1, 2, 3) of Diels-Alder type have been successfully synthesized. The strain of the DA-SM-PU-3 can recover 99.1% after placing at 120 ℃ for 1 h and 60 ℃ for 12 h. Tensile tests show that DA-SM-PU-3 has satisfactory tensile strength(25.1 MPa) and strain(1 364%), and can be basically restored to original shape after 350% strain, indicating the excellent shape memory performance of DA-SM-PU-3. Moreover, the addition of TMI has no impact on the reprocessing performance of polyurethanes, and DA-SM-PU-3 can still remain >95% mechanical properties after 4 cycles. The introduction of TMI and shape memory effect improves the mechanical and self-healing properties of the materials.
Research progress on gas-liquid separation technology and its equipment optimization
GUO Yaning;ZHANG Yu;DONG Yanpeng;LI Yating;Tuladhar Nerisha;ZHU Chunying;MA Youguang;FU Taotao;Gas-liquid separation technology is widely used in chemical industry, energy and other fields, and its efficiency directly determines the quality of downstream products and the safety of equipment, thus affecting the overall process safety and production efficiency. The separation mechanisms of gravity separation, inertial separation, centrifugal separation and filtration separation, and the structural optimization of the separation equipment are reviewed, focusing on the interaction between liquid droplets in the separation process, the motion characteristics, and the mechanism of formation and fragmentation of the liquid film, and summarizing and looking forward to the future development direction of each separation technology.
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Performance of iron-based oxygen carriers for chemical looping CO preferential oxidation
ZHU Ningjing;ZHENG Hao;JIANG Xiaofeng;LI Wenbin;ZENG Liang;Within the global net-zero emissions framework,proton exchange membrane fuel cells,as the key devices for hydrogen-to-electricity conversion,rely critically on a stable supply of high-purity hydrogen for large-scale commercialization.However,even trace amounts of CO in hydrogen-rich gas streams can significantly poison the PEMFC,necessitating deep CO removal.The chemical looping CO preferential oxidation(CL-PROX) process is designed to reduce the cost and operational risks associated with oxygen separation in the conventional CO preferential oxidation process.The study investigated the effects of supports,Fe_2O3 loading,and reaction temperature on the CL-PROX performance of the oxygen carriers.Optimal performance was achieved with a CeO2 support and 10% Fe_2O3 loading,resulting in a CO conversion of 91.6% and an H2 recovery of 94.6% at 260 ℃.H2-TPR revealed enhanced reducibility of the oxygen carriers due to Fe-Ce interactions.This combined with CO-TPR data,confirms its high CO reactivity.Moreover,XRD and Raman characterizations of the 10 Fe/Ce oxygen carrier before and after the reaction confirmed Fe_2O3 as the key active phase,and in situ DRIFTS spectroscopy revealed dynamic adsorption and oxidation pathways of CO on the oxygen carrier surface,with formate and carbonate species identified as primary intermediates.
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Stirring performance evaluation and design optimization of maxblend impellers
LIU Gang;LEI Ting;WANG Xinjie;SONG Yu;LIU Yudong;In chemical engineering production,the performance of mixing equipment critically determines reaction efficiency and product quality.This investigation systematically evaluates the mixing performance of various maxblend impeller configurations under both laminar and turbulent flow conditions in a 380 mm diameter stirred tank for low-to-medium viscosity fluids,employing computational fluid dynamics(CFD)techniques,with comparative analysis against double-helical ribbon impellers.The results demonstrate that for low-to-medium viscosity fluids,the optimized M2-type max-blade impeller exhibits superior performance over double-helical ribbon impellers in terms of mixing efficiency,flow field uniformity,and energy consumption.Specifically,in the laminar regime(Re=92),the M2 impeller achieves 20.2% higher volume-averaged velocity compared to the double-helical ribbon impeller.Under turbulent conditions(Re=300),it shows 25.5% greater volume-averaged velocity while reducing energy consumption by59.3%.Furthermore,the M2 impeller demonstrates near-zero dead zone volume fraction,further confirming its high efficiency.This study provides valuable insights for impeller selection and optimization in chemical reactors.
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Mechanisms involved in the electrocatalytic oxidation of As(Ⅲ) by different Mn2+ complexes
WU Zhixia;WU Songhai;HAN Xu;An electrocatalytic oxidation system was designed and developed to effectively oxidize toxic As(Ⅲ) in groundwater into less toxic As(Ⅴ).This study systematically investigated the effects of four Mn ligands,namely sodium citrate,sodium oxalate,EDTA,and nitrilotriacetic acid,on the electrocatalytic oxidation of As(Ⅲ) under three distinct electrolyte systems.The results show that the NaHCO3 system(96% at 30 min) demonstrated significantly superior As(Ⅲ) oxidation efficiency compared to the Na2 SO4 system(49% at 60 min),with the corresponding pseudo-first-order rate constant kobs value increasing from 1.09×10-2 to 8.90×10-2 min-1.Furthermore,H2 O2 was produced during the electrocatalytic oxidation of As(Ⅲ).The 7.42 mg·L-1 of H2 O2 produced by the NaHCO3 system was less than the21.23 mg·L-1 of H2 O2 produced by the Na2 SO4 system.Under the conditions of mixed electrolytes,the ligands significantly accelerate the interaction of Mn(Ⅱ) with HCO3~-and H2 O2 by forming complexes with Mn(Ⅱ),thereby enhancing the oxidation rate of As(Ⅲ).Among them,sodium citrate exhibited the most pronounced enhancement.The oxidation rate of As(Ⅲ) increased from 59% to 96%,the kobsvalue increased from 1.43×10-2 to 5.55×10-2 min-1,and the H2 O2 production reached 59.80 mg·L-1.UV-Vis spectroscopy further confirmed that the dominant oxidizing substance in the system was MnO2~+(HCO3~-)n.Raman analysis further confirmed the existence of O—O superoxide bonds in MnO2~+(HCO3~-)n.This research provides critical theoretical and practical insights into the mechanistic role of Mn ligands in the electrocatalytic oxidation of As(Ⅲ).
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Study on tubular reactor thermal behavior based on styrene polymerization
JIANG Qiangqiang;HAO Lin;ZHU Zhenxing;WEI Hongyuan;Safety is one of the necessary conditions for the sustainable development of the chemical industry. Conducting thermal hazard analysis of the technological process during the design stage is an important technical approach to ensuring safe production. Due to their characteristics such as small liquid holding capacity and large specific heat exchange area, tubular reactors have significant application advantages in strongly exothermic reaction systems such as polymerization and oxidation. However, in the current domestic risk assessment norms, there is a lack of thermal safety assessment methods for tubular reactors.How to optimize the design of the reactors to ensure the safety of the reaction system is an urgent problem to be solved in the current industry. In this study, the effects of jacket temperature, fluid flow rate, residence time and reactor diameter on the temperature field distribution and conversion of styrene polymerization were discussed by CFD simulation. The divergence criterion shows that under experimental conditions, an excessively high jacket temperature(470 K) and an excessively larg diameter(12 mm) can cause thermal runaway in the reactor. Especially for a reactor with a diameter of 12 mm, the maximum temperature difference can reach 42. 94 K. However, the effects of the inlet velocity(0. 000 2, 0. 000 4, 0. 000 6, 0. 000 8 m·s-1) and reactor length(1. 2, 1. 4, 1. 6, 1. 8 m) were relatively small and did not cause the occurrence of thermal runaway. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the thermal safety assessment and inherent safety design of tubular reactors.
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Basic Principle,Advance and Current Application Situation of Sol-Gel Method
WANG Juan,LI Chen,XU Bo(Huainan Normal University,Huainan 232001,Anhui Province,China)Sol-gel method is a method for material preparation under mild condition.In this paper,basic principles of sol-gel method and the main step are briefly described,the application and the prospects for development of sol-gel method in the of preparation process compound materials are discussed.
[Downloads: 20,005 ] [Citations: 771 ] [Reads: 68 ] HTML PDF Cite this article
A Review of Studies on the Discharging Dispersion of Flammable and Toxic Gases
Ding Xinwei Wang Shulan Xu Guoqing (Dalean University of Technology,Dalian 116012)The computing models and experiments of flammable or toxic gas dispersion in the atmosphere are summarized.The models include Gaussian plume/puff model,B.M.model,Sutton model and FEM3 model.The experiments include Burros,Coyote,Desert Tortoise Goldfish etc.
Progress in the Development and Application of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Technology
XU Jun1,2,3,WANG Zhi1,2,3,WANG Ji-xiao1,2,3,WANG Shi-chang1,3(1.School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Chemical Engineering Research Center,Tianjin 300072,China;2.State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering(Tianjin University),Tianjin 300072,China;3.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology,Tianjin 300072,China)Reverse osmosis membrane technology,a new and widely used separation technology arose in 1 960 s,is one of the most advanced separation technologies at present.Reverse osmosis is the inverse process of osmosis and is driven by pressure.In this paper,the background and the development of re-verse osmosis membrane technology are introduced,and its present research is mainly discussed,and its applications in sweater and brackish water desalination,pure water preparation,pharmacy and chemical industry wastewater treatment are described.Finally,the existing problems and future development trends are analyzed.
[Downloads: 11,570 ] [Citations: 294 ] [Reads: 81 ] HTML PDF Cite this article
Survey of Researches on Scale Inhibition Mechanism of Scale Inhibitor
WANG Rui 1, ZHANG Qi 1, DING Jie 2, SHEN Zi qiu 2 (1.Chem.Eng.Department, School of Sci. & Tech., Hainan University, Hainan Haikou 570228,China; 2.Research Institute of Chem. Eng., Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Dalian 116012,China)Firstly, a brief retrospect was given on the development of scale inhibitors. Then, some aspects related to the research of scale inhibition mechanism of scale inhibitors and evaluation methods of the performance of scale inhibitors, as wellas the retarding effect on saline water deposition of scale inhibitors were reviewed. Based on the above survey, some aspects remain to be investigated further were proposed.
The Current Status and the Developing Trends of Carbon Dioxide Treating Technologies
LI Tian-cheng\+1, FEN Xia\+2, LI Xin-gang\+1 (1.School of Chemical Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China; 2.Taiyuan Fereilizer Plant,Shanxi Taiyuan 030021,China)The current status and the developing trends in future of carbon dioxide treating technologies were introduced in this article. Furthermore,the effective ways to solve “greenhouse effect” in the 21centery can be mainly biological methods in separating and fixing carbon dioxide in the air and physical or chemical methods in separating and processing the combusted gases.
Basic Principle,Advance and Current Application Situation of Sol-Gel Method
WANG Juan,LI Chen,XU Bo(Huainan Normal University,Huainan 232001,Anhui Province,China)Sol-gel method is a method for material preparation under mild condition.In this paper,basic principles of sol-gel method and the main step are briefly described,the application and the prospects for development of sol-gel method in the of preparation process compound materials are discussed.
[Downloads: 20,005 ] [Citations: 771 ] [Reads: 68 ] HTML PDF Cite this article
Progress in the Development and Application of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Technology
XU Jun1,2,3,WANG Zhi1,2,3,WANG Ji-xiao1,2,3,WANG Shi-chang1,3(1.School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Chemical Engineering Research Center,Tianjin 300072,China;2.State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering(Tianjin University),Tianjin 300072,China;3.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology,Tianjin 300072,China)Reverse osmosis membrane technology,a new and widely used separation technology arose in 1 960 s,is one of the most advanced separation technologies at present.Reverse osmosis is the inverse process of osmosis and is driven by pressure.In this paper,the background and the development of re-verse osmosis membrane technology are introduced,and its present research is mainly discussed,and its applications in sweater and brackish water desalination,pure water preparation,pharmacy and chemical industry wastewater treatment are described.Finally,the existing problems and future development trends are analyzed.
[Downloads: 11,570 ] [Citations: 294 ] [Reads: 81 ] HTML PDF Cite this article
Status and Prospect of Chinese Seawater Desalination Technology
FENG Hou-jun,XIE Chun-gang(Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization,State Oceanic Administration,Tianjin 300192,China)This paper analyzes the state-of-the-art and status quo of seawater desalination technology in China during recent years,including multi-stage flash,low temperature multi-effect distillation and reverse osmosis,and discusses current problems and gaps by a comparison between China and other countries with advanced seawater desalination technology.Furthermore,combining domestic needs for seawater desalination technology,this paper also presents the future possible direction and goals of Chinese seawater desalination.
Study on Preparation Technology of Nanoscale TiO2 with Sol-Gel Method
LIAO Dong-liang1,XIAO Xin-yan*1,ZHANG Hui-ping1,WAN Cai-xia2,CHEN Huan-qin1(1.Institute of Chem.Eng,South China University of Technology;2.Department of Applied Chemistry,South China University of Technology,Guangdong Guangzhou 510640,China)In this paper,we prepared nanoscale TiO2 with Ti(OC4H9)4 through solgel method.With the work on several important factors,got the optimal technological conditions for preparing nanoscale TiO2,that is nTi(OC4H9)4∶nH2O∶nC2H5(OH)=1∶2～3∶6～8,the pH of mixture should be adjusted to between 2 and 3,H2O and part of C2H5(OH) mixture should be feed slowly. The suitable temperature of hydrolysis and gel reaction is between 25℃～30℃.
Research progress on the application of silicon-carbon anode materials in lithium-ion batteries
WANG Juan;ZHANG Xianglan;The structure and properties of anode materials are crucial for the capacity and performance of lithium-ion batteries. Silicon/carbon composites are highly regarded as promising anode materials for next-generation batteries due to their high specific capacity. However, the significant volume expansion during cycling hinders their commercialization. The structure and methods to synthesize silicon/carbon materials are key to addressing this issue. This paper provides an review of the lithium storage and failure mechanisms of silicon anodes, summarizes recent progress in silicon carbon anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, focuses on structural design and preparation methods, and assesses the future commercial prospects of silicon/carbon composites.
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